
Dimplex Heatbook
A guide to heating
What is heat? The human body
as a walking heat machine
Ever felt ‘under the weather’?
It’s a fact that weather has short
and long term effects on our bodies.
We’re very good at losing heat but
not quite so efficient at retaining it.
We all react differently to weather
and temperature variations, and very
young, fragile or older people will be
more susceptible than most, with
women generally having a higher
level of sensitivity than men.
Cold weather and winter affects
the death rate – during the winter,
there are typically 25,000 more
deaths in the UK than at other
times in the year, directly attributed
to low temperatures.
The most serious risk, particularly for
older people and vulnerable groups,
is hypothermia, that can just as easily
happen in a poorly heated home as it
can to polar explorers. Even mildly cool
indoor temperatures of 15.5°C can trigger
hypothermia in older people which
manifests as confusion, slurred speech,
loss of complex motor skills and if the
body core temperature drops below 34°C,
the effects become life threatening.
Many older people and/or those in fuel
poverty may also be anxious about using
heating to keep themselves warm during
the winter, which is why it’s important to
ensure entitlements such as winter fuel
payments are claimed, insulation
measures have been adopted, and that
the heating system is as controllable
and energy efficient as possible.
What is the difference between direct
acting and storage/off-peak heating?
There are two types of electric heating
appliances. A direct acting appliance
provides almost ‘instant’ heat, rapidly
heating up and cooling down.
Panel heaters, convector heaters,
fan heaters and radiant heaters all
fall into this category – providing heat
only for the period during which
they are energised.
Storage heaters are designed to take
advantage of the off-peak electricity
tariffs under which electricity is supplied
at a lower price for a selected number
of hours in a 24 hour period, thereby
charging the product with heat which
is stored for slow release over a far
longer period.
Radiant heat generally gives the greatest feeling of
comfort. It’s like the warmth from the sun or the warmth
when you hold your hands in front of a fire or radiator in
the winter. The air itself is not heated directly and the rays
of energy travel in straight lines, only converting to heat
when the rays strike and are absorbed by the receiving
body. If you cannot see the radiant heat source, you
cannot feel it, but it needs no medium to carry it.
Convected heat is carried around the room in the form
of heated air. When air is heated it expands, becoming
dense. The heavier, cooler air around the heater, under the
force of gravity, displaces the lighter air upwards. As the
heated air rises, it diffuses some of its heat, thus warming
up air which is at some distance from the heat source.
The hotter the initial heat source, the further the convection
current will flow before diffusing into the surrounding air.
Conducted heat travels through solid objects – heat a bar of iron at one end
and gradually the other end will become hot. Even using the best materials
for conduction, it is still a relatively slow method of transmitting heat and plays
only a small part in the practical provision of warmth.
How do different types of heating affect us?
While we all produce our own heat of about 120W per hour (equivalent to two 60W light bulbs), we need some extra help!
After 60 our ability to produce heat declines, and this is why older people are more vulnerable to cold.
Heat is transmitted in three ways: conduction, convection and radiation. The optimum mix for human comfort is a blend
of 80% convected and 20% radiant from a heating appliance.
CONVECTOR HEATER
RPX RADIANT PANEL HEATER
CONDUCTION HEAT
CONVECTOR HEATER
RPX RADIANT PANEL HEATER
CONDUCTION HEAT
CONVECTOR HEATER
RPX RADIANT PANEL HEATER
CONDUCTION HEAT
10
A guide to heating
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